Grid
Use the advanced grid system to create fully responsive layouts with reduced effort
How it works
Bootstrap’s grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It’s built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together.
New to or unfamiliar with flexbox? Read this CSS Tricks flexbox guide for background, terminology, guidelines, and code snippets.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm">
<span>One of three columns</span>
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
<span>One of three columns</span>
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
<span>One of three columns</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent .container.
Grid options
While Bootstrap uses ems or rems for defining most sizes, pxs are used for grid breakpoints and container widths. This is because the viewport width is in pixels and does not change with the font size.
See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table.
|
Extra small <576px |
Small ≥576px |
Medium ≥768px |
Large ≥992px |
Extra large ≥1200px |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Max container width | None (auto) | 540px | 720px | 960px | 1140px |
| Class prefix | .col- |
.col-sm- |
.col-md- |
.col-lg- |
.col-xl- |
| # of columns | 12 | ||||
| Gutter width | 30px (15px on each side of a column) | ||||
| Nestable | Yes | ||||
| Column ordering | Yes | ||||
Auto-layout columns
Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for easy column sizing without an explicit numbered class like .col-sm-6.
Equal-width
For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from xs to xl. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>1 of 2</span>
</div>
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>2 of 2</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>1 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>2 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>3 of 3</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>Equal-width columns can be broken into multiple lines, but there was a Safari flexbox bug that prevented this from working without an explicit flex-basis or border. There are workarounds for older browser versions, but they shouldn’t be necessary if you’re up-to-date.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>Column</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>Column</span></div>
<div class="w-100"></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>Column</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>Column</span></div>
</div>
</div>Setting one column width
Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>1 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col-6 bg-soft">
<span>2 of 3 (wider)</span>
</div>
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>3 of 3</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>1 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col-5 bg-soft">
<span>2 of 3 (wider)</span>
</div>
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>3 of 3</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>Variable width content
Use col-{breakpoint}-auto classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content.
<div class="container">
<div class="row justify-content-md-center">
<div class="col col-lg-2 bg-soft">
<span>1 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col-md-auto bg-soft">
<span>Variable width content</span>
</div>
<div class="col col-lg-2 bg-soft">
<span>3 of 3</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft">
<span>1 of 3</span>
</div>
<div class="col-md-auto bg-soft">
<span>Variable width content</span>
</div>
<div class="col col-lg-2 bg-soft">
<span>3 of 3</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>Equal-width multi-row
Create equal-width columns that span multiple rows by inserting a .w-100 where you want the columns to break to a new line. Make the breaks responsive by mixing the .w-100 with some responsive display utilities.
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="w-100"></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
</div>Responsive classes
Bootstrap’s grid includes five tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit.
All breakpoints
For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the .col and .col-* classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to .col.
<div class="row">
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
<div class="col bg-soft"><span>col</span></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 bg-soft"><span>col-8</span></div>
<div class="col-4 bg-soft"><span>col-4</span></div>
</div>Stacked to horizontal
Using a single set of .col-sm-* classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked and becomes horizontal at the small breakpoint (sm).
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 bg-soft"><span>col-sm-8</span></div>
<div class="col-sm-4 bg-soft"><span>col-sm-4</span></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm bg-soft"><span>col-sm</span></div>
<div class="col-sm bg-soft"><span>col-sm</span></div>
<div class="col-sm bg-soft"><span>col-sm</span></div>
</div>Mix and match
Don’t want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.
<!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full-width and the other half-width -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-md-8 bg-soft"><span>.col-12 .col-md-8</span></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 bg-soft"><span>.col-6 .col-md-4</span></div>
</div>
<!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 bg-soft"><span>.col-6 .col-md-4</span></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 bg-soft"><span>.col-6 .col-md-4</span></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 bg-soft"><span>.col-6 .col-md-4</span></div>
</div>
<!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 bg-soft"><span>.col-6</span></div>
<div class="col-6 bg-soft"><span>.col-6</span></div>
</div>